Heartburn, also known as acid reflux, is described as a burning sensation in the chest area or upper central abdomen. Normally, there is occasional backflow into the esophagus without any symptoms. When the acidic stomach contents are present in excessive amounts, the esophagus (especially the lower parts) becomes irritated, leading to heartburn symptoms. Heartburn is often described as a dull, aching pain that can extend from the throat to the stomach or behind the breastbone, often accompanied by a sour burp.
Heartburn is typically felt more intensely in the evenings, after meals, or when lying down or bending over. It is also known as acid indigestion. Most people can manage their heartburn (acid reflux) through lifestyle changes. However, frequent and severe heartburn that negatively impacts daily life may indicate a more serious condition requiring medical care. If you experience heartburn several times a week, it is advisable to consult a doctor, as chronic heartburn can damage the esophagus, causing bleeding, inflammation, or difficulty swallowing.
What Causes Heartburn?
Heartburn is a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It usually occurs when stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus. Normally, food and beverages move from the mouth to the stomach via the esophagus. A muscular ring (lower esophageal sphincter) connects the esophagus to the stomach and ensures one-way flow.
Heartburn occurs when this one-way system fails, allowing stomach contents to return to the esophagus. It manifests as a spasm or sharp pain and burning sensation behind the breastbone. Factors that increase stomach acid production or structural problems that facilitate acid reflux into the esophagus can lead to heartburn.
Conditions like gastritis, sensitivity to certain foods (e.g., gluten for those with celiac disease, lactose for those with lactose intolerance), hiatal hernia, H. pylori infection, certain medications, stomach cancer, scleroderma, and sarcoidosis can cause heartburn.
Foods high in acidity or fat, such as citrus fruits, tomatoes, onions, chocolate, potato chips, processed snacks, sausages, bacon, coffee, cheese, and mint, can trigger heartburn. Smoking can also relax the muscles and cause heartburn.
Stress can also trigger heartburn. Reducing stress at work and in social life is important.
Home Remedies for Heartburn
Heartburn, which lowers the quality of life, is generally caused by poor diet. Consuming hard-to-digest foods, foods prepared under unsanitary conditions, caffeine, excessively spicy, fatty, and salty products can cause heartburn. Tight clothing and belts around the abdomen can also contribute to heartburn.
Here are some home remedies for heartburn:
- Baking Soda Water Mix: Dissolve 1 teaspoon of baking soda in a glass of water. Baking soda helps neutralize stomach acid. If you are on a low-sodium diet, consult your doctor.
- Aloe Vera Juice: Just as aloe vera is used to soothe sunburns, aloe vera juice can help soothe irritation caused by acid reflux. Drink half a glass of aloe vera juice before meals to help with heartburn.
- Chewing Sugar-Free Gum: Chewing gum increases saliva production, which helps dilute stomach acid. Chewing gum for about 30 minutes after meals can help reduce heartburn.
- Apple Cider Vinegar: Mix 3 teaspoons of apple cider vinegar with a glass of water and drink after meals or before bed.
- Eat Bananas: Bananas contain natural antacids. Eating a banana daily can help combat acid reflux. If you do not want to eat bananas, apples can be a good alternative.
- Licorice Root: Licorice root can help ease heartburn and address its underlying causes. However, it should be consumed in moderation, as excessive consumption can lead to high blood pressure.
By following these home remedies, you can alleviate heartburn and improve your quality of life.
